Truck Application Guide

The Reagan Ind. Shock Absorber Quick Reference Application sheets use end mount codes as one of the key indicators for identifying the correct replacement shock. The five end mount codes used on these sheets are as follows:

“S” for Stud. The shock is mounted with a vertical Stud, rather than an eye ring. See figure #1

“ES” stands for E for eye ring, and S for sleeve. A steel sleeve is attached between two factory pressed in bushings. See figure #2

“ES (Ext)” is the same as “ES”, only the sleeve is extended out from the bushing. See figure #3. Note that this end mount identification is used only for the purposes of the Quick Reference Application Sheets, and is not referenced in the Gabriel catalog.

“EB2” & “EB3” E again stands for Eye ring, and B stands for Bushing. There is no sleeve. The mounting bolt fits directly into the bushings, which are held in place by washers. The Gabriel shock bushings are separate. The “EB2” is a smaller end mount for a ¾” bolt. The “EB3” is a larger end mount for a 1” bolt. See figure #4

Download Quick Reference Guides:

Industry Guidelines

1. RP 643 TMC Air Suspension Maintenance Guidelines

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2. SAE Study 962152: Worn Shocks contribute to wheel hop and or greater tire load variance x4 = (+/- 80%)?, the primary effect of which is scalloped tires. Worn shocks are defined as those that have loss over half their dampening performance.

3. U.S. Department of Transportation and OECD / DEVINE analysis of Modern Truck Air Suspension found that once the shock worn past 50% dampening performance, road wear damage increased by over 20% as a result of increased air-ride tire load variance creating a jack-hammer type effect between the tire and pavement, in turn severely reducing tire life as well.

4. Hendrickson Trailer Air Suspension Maintenance Guidelines

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Installation Tips

Installation:

Always add oil or grease to the inside of the sleeve and then firmly tighten. This will help prevent the sleeve from seizing to the bolt for future removal.

For ES-styles (those with pressed in sleeves): ALWAYS add oil or grease to the inside of the sleeve and then firmly tighten.

Don’t Over-tighten Split Bushings!! If the shock mount is over tightend and the bushing squeezed, there will be no side load pressure release and the shock will fail in a short period of time.  ES style end mounts protects against this occurrence with the pressed metal sleeve in the bushing. However, extra care should always be taken not to over tighten split bushing type end mounts ( stud and EB styles). Always hand tighten these to the point shown in the following pictures.

Stud Mount:  The washer should curve round the bushing and tightened to the point that it expands to the edge of the washer.

EB Mount: The washer should curve away from the bushing and tightened to no more that ¼” squeeze between washer and eye ring.


Removal

Use of Penetrating Oil should be applied as early as possible prior to removal.  This is specifically important for ES Style end mounts which may need extra time for the oil to penetrate. We highly recommend “PB Blaster” as being the most effective.

Specific applications to take EXTRA CARE

Peterbilt Front use  a shoulder bolt that steps down from ¾” to ⅝”. It has a tendency to break if removed with a pneumatic wrench. Always apply penetrating oil and use hand wrench for nut removal to avoid damage.

Volvo Front use a shoulder bolt that has fine metric threads.  Caution should be used to not strip the threads.  Use penetrating oil and hand wrench for nut removal.

Misting vs. Leaking

“Misting” shocks are often misdiagnosed asfailures. When a shock is subjected to rough roads, it’s fluid can become extremely hot. Under these conditions, small amounts of this hot fluid evaporate off of the piston rod while it’s under the dust cover. When the evaporated fluid reaches the cooler outside air, it condenses and forms a film or “mist”on the outside of the shock body. When mixed with road debris and dust, a large film of “hydraulic grime” will often form on the shock. This is a natural phenomenon caused by modern soft suspensions, and rough roads, and is not a failure.

A leaking shock is caused by a worn piston seal which allows fluid to escape from the top of the shock’s body. The fluid is pushed out with each extension, causing almost all of the fluid to escape in a short period of time. At the time inspection, leakers have usually lost all oftheir dampening. Unlike misting shocks, which generally show larges patches of film, a leaker may show signs of fluid that flowed in streams down the shock’s body. Evidence of these streams can most easily be seen when the shock is fully extended.


When the road gets rough, that is when you need your shocks the most! That why truck OEMs and Fleets rely on Gabriel to design shocks to resist fade due to heat created in severe conditions. Unlike competitive shocks, Gabriel shocks with HT fluid are uniquely design to work at 50% higher operating range. Gabriel HT fluid with viscosity additives helps maintain performance and does not begin to break down until 320 degrees vs. 220 degrees for AW fluid. In addition, Gabriel Heavy Truck shocks use a self-compensating metal spring-loaded piston ring for constant performance vs. a nylon piston sleeve found in automotive shocks that do not expand with temperature, allowing excessive blow -by as the fluid thins with heat. So while other shocks become ineffective, Gabriel is still working strong at high operating temperature. It is at these temperatures the thin film of hot fluid on the piston rod can evaporate off. As a result, misting will occasionally occur . This is a good thing!

Worn Shock Tire Wear


Scalloped – Cupping Damage:

Primary type wear experienced with worn shocks. Loss of shock dampening allows for greater tire load variance and allows build up of resonance with the rhythm of a road quickly resulting in cupping wear. Tire companies can measure early scalloped cupping in new truck tires on older shocks within a few hundred miles on a rough road; however, the same test conducted with new tires and new shocks does not experience similar damage for tens of thousands of miles. This can impact the life of the tire as much as 50%. For this reason, it has been found cost effective to change shocks when replacing tires on modern Heavy Truck suspensions.


River or Channel Wear:

Tests (driven by results of the SAE Study) identified the cause of River Channel Wear due to the loss of shock absorber dampening , allowing excessive footprint distortion. This creates excessive wear along the sides of the tread pattern where the rubber that can move the easiest.


Brake Lock Up Wear:

Worn shocks can contribute to brake lock up causing uneven wear. If the suspension had been in resonance with the rhythm of the road allowing the tires inconsistent road traction, prior to an emergency braking situation, a brake lock up situation can easily occur.

Shock Popularity Guide

Reagan Industries understand the challenges of ensuring your inventory covers your customers demands, yet does not unnecessarily tie up limited space and capitol. For this reason we offer low freight prepaid minimums and provide regular shock part number sales trend analysis to keep your inventory working for you.

Our reports provide both percentage of sales by part number and application, along with sales trend analysis.

Replacement

Shocks wear slowly over time and varies dependent upon operating environment. Worn shocks are defined as those that have lost over half their dampening performance, allowing for excessive wheel hop, permitting up to 4 times greater tire load variance. Average Life of Truck Shocks are 150,000 miles for Steer and 225,000 miles for rear.

The ATA-Truck Maintenance Council findings (RP643) reports that “Fleets have found it beneficial to install new shock absorbers when installing new tires, to maximize tire life.”

*U.S. Department of Transportation and OECD – DEVINE analysis of Modern Truck Air Suspension found that once the shock worn past 50% dampening performance, road wear damage increased by over 20% as a result of increased air-ride tire load variance creating a jack-hammer type effect between the tire and pavement, in turn severely reducing tire life as well.

*SAE Study 962152 “Worn Shocks contribute to wheel hop and or greater tire load variance x4 = (+/- 80%)”, the primary effect of which is scalloped tires. Worn shocks are defined as those that have loss over half their dampening performance.

*TMC RP#643 recommends that shocks be replaced on regular maintenance schedule, preferably at the same time tires are replaced. (See Industry Study Link)

Shocks Overview

Gabriel is the preferred OEM shock supplier to the North American trucking industry. You can count on Gabriel to provide the quality and ride control you need to achieve improved tire wear and lower maintenance costs.

Gas SLX Series – The most recent state of the art development in shock absorbers. Features include: 3 way adjustability, extreme high temperature fluid and seals designed to outlast normal shocks by up to 4 times under high temperature highway operating conditions. Gas cushioned in separate cells (not gas charged). This unique feature eliminates fade for the life of the shock and eliminates the inherent durability weaknesses of gas charged shocks.

83000-87000 Fleetline Series – Gabriel OE designed hydraulic shock. Get all the performance, durability and full application coverage with Gabriel Fleetline Shocks. These shocks are designed to meet stringent OEM specification. The different series represents various tensile demands and body sizes to accommodate increased fluid capacity and increased heat dissipation requirements.

G6000 Series –1 3/8” bore, gas charged, for light and medium sized truck and van applications. This series interchanges with the Monroe 34000, 36000 and 37000 series. Gabriel’s 9-stage valving provides a velocity sensitive smoother transition to rough road or terrain applications than Monroe’s grooved cylinder 2 stage “sensitrac” design.